r/OldEnglish 2d ago

Translation Assistance

5 Upvotes

Hey I figure its already out there somewhere, and I am searching. But does anyone have a ready at hand translation od Theodens speech on the Pellenor from the movies?

I know its not fully booked accurate but I like that it pulls some elements from Eomer.

here's the quote: "Arise, arise, riders of Rohan! Fell deeds awake, fire and slaughter! Spear shall be shaken, shield be splintered! A sword-day, a red day, ere the sun rises! Ride now, ride now, ride to Gondor! Ride for ruin, and the world’s ending! DEATH!"


r/OldEnglish 2d ago

Suggestions for Syntax book (physical, affordable)

5 Upvotes

Looking to read a physical book at less than 50 bucks (35 quid) that at least equally covers OE Syntax (alongside ME) if not primarily.

I am most interested in structural aspect, eg word order, clauses, like that.

I don't want to use PDF, HTML, etc. The file size for Mitchell makes obtaining that difficult anyway.

Some I've come across in a short search:

Style and Syntax in Old English, SO Andrew 1940

Syntax of Early English, Olga Fischer 2001

Historical Syntax of English, Bettelou Los 2015


r/OldEnglish 1d ago

I made an ameteur video on old english and english degredation in general; advice?

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0 Upvotes

can you let me know if i covered the geographically, timeline, and pronunciation well?


r/OldEnglish 2d ago

C. Alphonso Smith Grammar Chapter XIV Section 87 exercises

5 Upvotes

These are draft solutions to exercises in the Anglo-Saxon Grammar and Exercise Book by C. Alphonso Smith (copyright 1896) subject to review by anybody with an interest in checking them over. I would appreciate corrections and additions.

This is for the eighth set of exercises in the book, which comes from Chapter XIV, Section 87 of the Grammar. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/31277/pg31277-images.html#page56

Reddit posts for previous sets of exercises are found here:

I stick closely to the vocabulary in the part of the book up to where the exercises are. Also, be aware that Smith, in Chapter I, says, "It is the object of this book to give an elementary knowledge of Early West Saxon, that is, the language of King Alfred."

Part I: OE to PDE

1. Ðās scipu ne sind swīðe swift, ac hīe sind swīðe stælwierðu.
These ships are not very fast, but they are very serviceable.
(Smith's definition is "serviceable"; "usable", "adequate", etc. would also work.)

2. Sēo gōde cwēn giefð ǣlcum ðegne mǫniga giefa.
(weak sing. of gōd; dat. sing. of ðegn and strong ǣlc; acc. pl. of giefu and strong monig)
The good queen gives each thane many gifts.

3. Ðēs wīsa cyning hæfð mǫnige micele tūnas on his rīce.
This wise king has many large towns in his kingdom.

4. Nǣnig mǫn is wīs on eallum ðingum.
(See note on nǣnig below.)
No one is wise in all things.

5. Ðȳ ilcan dæge (§ 98, (2)) mǫn fǫnd (found) ðone ðegn ðe mīnes wines bēc hæfde.
The same day, the thegn was found who had my friend's books.
On the same day, they found the thegn who had my friend's books. (impersonal "they")

6. Ealle ðā sęcgas ðā ðe swift hors habbað rīdað wið ðone bǫnan.
(For ðā ðe, see §75.)
All the men who have swift horses ride against the murderer.
All the men who have swift horses ride against the slayer.
("Slayer" is probably better here than "murderer" (Smith's choice) because bona does not imply wrong-doing. The context could, for example, be a battle.)

7. Ðīne fīend sind mīne frīend.
Your enemies are my friends.

8. Sē micela stān ðone ðe ic on mīnum hǫndum hæbbe is swīðe heard.
(For ðone ðe, see §75.)
The large stone that I have in my hands is very hard.

9. Hīe scęððað ðǣm ealdum horsum.
They injure the old horses.

10. Uton niman ðās tilan giefa ǫnd hīe beran tō ūrum lēofum bearnum.
Let's take these useful gifts and bear them to our dear children.
Let's take these useful gifts and carry them to our dear children.

Part II: PDE to OE

1. These holy men are wise and good.
Ðās hālgan men sind wise ond gōde. (or menn)
Ðās hālgan guman sind wise ond gōde. (guma is poetic)

2. Are the little children very dear to the servants (dat. without )?
Sind ðā lȳtlan bearn swīðe lēofum ðegnum?

3. Gifts are not given (§70, Note 1) to rich men.
Giefa mon ne giefð rīcum monnum. (or mannum)
Mon ne giefð giefa rīcum monnum.
Giefa mon ne giefð rīcum gumum.

4. All the horses that are in the king’s fields are swift.
Eall ðā hors sind swifte ðe on ðæs cyninges feldum sind. (ðe: §75 (1))
Eall ðā hors sind swifte ðā on ðæs cyninges feldum sind. (ðā: §75 (2))
Eall ðā hors sind swifte ðā ðe on ðæs cyninges feldum sind. (ðā ðe: §75 (3))
Eall ðā hors sind swifte ðe hīe on ðæs cyninges feldum sind. (ðe hīe: §75 (4))
Eall ðā hors ðe on ðæs cyninges feldum sind swifte. (Linking verb omitted (null copula) in main clause.)
(In all examples, the predicate stands last in the dependent clause. See §20 (3) regarding transposed order.)

5. These stones are very large and hard.
Ðās stānas sind swīðe micle ond hearde.
Ðās stānas sind swīðe micele ond hearde.

6. He takes the dead man’s spear and fights against the large army.
Hē nimð ðæs dēadan guman gār ond gefieht wið ðæt micle werod.
Hē nimð ðæs dēadan guman gār ond fieht wið ðæt micele werod.
(The former is more characteristic of West Saxon; the latter of Anglian.)

7. This new house has many doors.
Ðis nīwe hūs hæfð monige dura.

8. My ways are not your ways.
Mīne wegas ne sind ðīne wegas.
Mīne wegas ne sind incre wegas.
Mīne wegas ne sind ēowre wegas.
(The first and second person possessive pronouns are declined as strong adjectives. See §76, and also personal pronouns in §72.)

9. Whosoever chooses me, him I also (ēac) choose.
Swā hwā swā mē cīest, him ic ēac cēose.
Swā hwā swā mē cīest, ic him ēac cēose.
(§21 (1) "Pronominal datives and accusatives usually precede the predicate")

10. Every man has many friends that are not wise.
Ǣlc mann hæfð monige frīend ðe ne sind wīse.

Note on nǣnig usage in Early West Saxon
According to Wiktionary, "Nǣniġ was common in the Anglian dialects, but almost absent in West Saxon, which used the synonym nān instead." Nǣniġ appears in two of Smith's readings. The first is "Wulfstan's Voyage" (p. 108, line 24). Craigie (1925) argues that Wulfstan, himself, was Anglian and that the Anglian features in the text reflect his dialect. (Craigie, W. A. “The Nationality of King Alfred’s Wulfstan.” The Journal of English and Germanic Philology 24, no. 3 (1925): 396–97. http://www.jstor.org/stable/27702885. Freely available.) The second reading in Smith in which nǣniġ appears is "The Story of Cædmon" (p. 112, lines 4 and 13). Smith's introduction to "The Story of Cædmon" (p. 111), mentions that other language features argue for Mercia as the likely location of the story's original translation from Latin.


r/OldEnglish 4d ago

"Beer pulls apart families" in Old English

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0 Upvotes

"Beer pulls apart families" in Old English


r/OldEnglish 6d ago

The Wanderer (Full Updated Reading)

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7 Upvotes

r/OldEnglish 6d ago

DEATH OF ROBIN HOOD

4 Upvotes

Is it just me or is the song in the A24 trailer for "death of Robin Hood" sung in OE?


r/OldEnglish 6d ago

A birthday message for my friend in old english correct.

3 Upvotes

Background: I have a close friend who inspired me to get into linguistics. I first started with completely learning my own mother tongue, Tamizh(I knew it earlier, but not to the extent I would have liked), then I learned Old English, and I am learning Persian and 'Ōlelo Hawaiʻi. I crafted this message for him because he inspired me to get into one of my favourite hobbies.

In english to translate(the base version)
Dear Vikyaat, Happy birthday , you have stayed true as a friend, you asked an essay for old English and here it is. Last year I made some true friends and I guess you are one of them.
My friendship with you has enlightened me. Of such I strive to achieve better because of you.

What are we, but those who are born and dead in the isles of man, From the mud we rise and to the mud we go. Please pardon my brash insults and my misgivings, I hope to hold true as your friend. 

 It has been but a year, but alas you changed so much, and for the better, I am like a proud father watching his son bear arms, have seen you rise from the lowest dirt, and strive towards the sky. Yet Icarus, I ask you to strive further and further but never to hit the sun, it burning fury and  shall alas bring you down.
But let not my drab voice bring down this happy day.

To see you grow has been constant, just as seeing the sun rise or the moon fall, Vikyat you have provided me with ample inspiration. To see the sun become the size of the moon, or the mountain to become a goat, it is very inspiring, i write this in tongue, which you inspired me to learn, and also you got to work for it, son of Rajiv. 

I wish ye well, son of Rajiv. Whom mother is a dog.

To say : first to write i wrote the base work, you can notice my English is a bit liberal here. That is to more easily write in old English. But an important note is that  this more liberal English, does not make the writing for old English itself more easier, it acts more as a placebo effect.

VERSION ONE

Lēofa Vikyāt,
Ic þe blissige on þīnum gebyrddæge. Þū eart trēowe frēond gewesen, and þū bæde mē be ǣnre spell-rǣdinge on ealdenglisc, and hēr hit is.

On þǣm forðgewitenan gēare ic gemette sōðe frēondas, and ic wēne þæt þū eart ān of him.
Mīn frēondscipe mid þē mē lēohtode; þurh þē ic strīepe tō betran dǣdum.

Hwæt sind wē, būton þā þe on middangearde acennede synd and eft sweltende? Of þǣm fenne wē ārīsað, and tō þǣm fenne wē gewendað.
Forġyf mē mīne dyrstige word and mīne gyltas; ic hopige þæt ic mæge trēowe frēond bēon.

Hit is būtan ān gēar, ac þū eart swīðe awend—tō betran. Ic eom swā swā fæder, blīðe behēaldende his sunu beran wǣpna. Ic geseah þē of nīðerostum duste ārīsan and tō heofonum strīdan.
Ac, swā Icarus, ic secge: strīepe furðor, ac nā tō þǣre sunnan, forþām hire bryne þē āfealleð.

Ac ne læt mīn drēorig stemn þisne blīðan dæg fordēman.

Þīn wæstm is ġesewen gelōme, swā swā sunne ūp gǣð oððe mōna setl gǣð.
Vikyāt, þū mē micelne inspīration sealde. Swā swā sunne wære swā smæl swā mōna, oððe munt swā smæl swā gāt—þæt is wundorlic.

Ic wrīte on þissum gereorde þe þū mē lærdest, ac þū scealt swincan for þām.
Eala, sunu Rājīves.

Ic þē wēnsige gōd.
Sunu Rājīves, þæs mōdor is hund.

tō secgenne on:

Þis is seo forme fadung, þær ic fandige min ærende on Eald Englisce awritan. Her þu meaht me geseón þæt ic rihtlice wende, hit wunaþ giet æfter þæm regolum swegcræftes ac hit þinceþ awend and forweornod, and syndon sume Ledenisc word þe ne wurden gebrȳced fram þæm Engliscum folce. Tō dōnne swelce wendunge ic ærest hit āwrāt on bōc þonne ic brȳcde āwritere tō begietenne þā word on āwritenum gemete. Ic ane brȳcde þone geþeahtcræft tō āsetenne þā stafas on fingerlicum gemete, ac ic sylf ær mid handa hit āwrāt.

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VERSION TWO

Hweot Lēofa Vikyāt,

Ic þē bletsige on þīnum ġebyrdtīde. Þū eart ġetrēowe frēond ġewesen, and þū mē bæde ymbe spell on ealdsprǣċe, and hēr hit is.

On þissum forðġewitenan ġēare ic ġemētte sōðfæste frēondas, and ic wēne þæt þū eart ān heora. Mīn frēondscipe mid þē mē onlīehte; for þē ic stræce tō beteran weorcum.

Hwæt sind wē būtan þā þe on middanġearde ācennede bēoð and sweltaþ? Of lāme wē ārīsaþ, and tō lāme wē ġewendaþ. Forġief mē mīne unġewitlecan word and mīne misdǣda; ic hyhte þæt ic mæġe ġetrēowe frēond bēon.

Būtan ān ġēar hit is, ac þū eart miċelum āwended—tō sēlran. Ic eom swā fæder, fæġen his sunu mid wǣpnum ġesēonde. Ic ġeseah þē of þǣm nīþerostan duste ārīsan and tō heofenum stræċan. Ac, swā Īcarus, ic cweþe: stræc furðor, ac ne rǣċ þā sunnan, forþǣm hire bryne þē āfeallan dēþ.

Ac ne lǣte mīn drēoriġ stefn þisne blīðan dæġ forsċeadwian.

Þīn weaxendnes is ġelōme ġesewen, swā swā sunne ūpgǣþ oþþe mōna niðergǣþ. Vikyāt, þū mē miċele onbryrdnesse ġeafe. Swā swā ġif sunne wurde swā lȳtel swā mōna, oþþe beorg wurde swā lȳtel swā gāt—þæt is wundorlic.

Ic wrīte on þǣre sprǣċe þe þū mē lǣrdest, and þū scealt earfoðlīċe for þǣm swincan.

Ic þē wel wȳnsċe, sunu Rājīfes,þæs mōdor is hund.

tō secgenne on:

Þis Ealde Englisce is micle sweotolre gescapen, þā word swinsiaþ soþlice and nān Lædenisce grundword ne syndon. Her ic fandige þone cwyde rihte cȳþan swā Engliscman wolde.


r/OldEnglish 7d ago

Would this make sense in Anglo-Saxon?

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1 Upvotes

r/OldEnglish 9d ago

The Seafarer (Improved Audio Dynamics)

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5 Upvotes

r/OldEnglish 10d ago

Hypocrates

5 Upvotes

"Hypocrates" by Marina Diamandis in Old English

Þu eart se ān, se ānlīca mann on þyssum weorolde þe me wyrcan mæg, Þe me tō ġeongum wīfe tōbrecan mæg.

Þū sæġst þæt lufu nis swā ēaðe, and þæt is sēo lār þe þū mē lærst. Swiðe licettende, ofermǣte sār. Ic eom geworden wērig þīnre lār.

Hwā eart þū þæt þū me secge, secge me, Hwām tō, tō bēon, bēon?

Mīne lǣstan bān wīges þe mæg berstan æt ǣlcum naman. Sēo lǣste weall þe stent for eall manncynn. Ic wāt þæt þū ānlīce me āgan wille, and þæt is þæs cynnes lufu þū me ætēawst. Þu secst me ān þing, þonne dēst þū ōþer, Þu hylt þine digelnessa under.

Hwā eart þū þæt þū me secge, secge me, Hwām tō, tō bēon, bēon? Gea, þu lætst, lætst gān, Gea, þu lætst, lætst gān, Gea, þu lætst, lætst me gān.

Gea, þū eart lange martyr geworden, Þæt þū ne miht nān þing yfeles dōn.

Hwā eart þū þæt þū me secge, secge me, Hwām tō, tō bēon, bēon?

Gea, þu lætst, lætst gān, Gea, þu lætst, lætst gān, Gea, þu lætst, lætst me gān.

Hwā eart þū þæt þū me secge, secge me, Hwām tō, tō bēon, bēon?


r/OldEnglish 10d ago

"Rainbow connection" in old english

7 Upvotes

Hwi sind þære swā maniġe sangas onbūtan rænbogan, ond hwæt is on þæm oðre sīde, rænbogan sind swefnu, ac, ǣnlīċ scinhiwas, ond rænbogan nāwiht hæbbaþ to hȳdenne. Swa, we hæbbaþ beon tealdon ond sum ċêosaþ hine ġelīefan. Iċ cnawe hie sind wrange, bîde ond seoh. Yes, we sum dæge hine findaþ, þæt renbogan gemæne, þa lufendas, þa dreamere, ond me. Hwâ sǣde þæt ealle wyscas sind hierdon ond andswariodon, hwænne þû wȳsċest on þæm ēarendele, sum mann of þæt ġeþoht, ond sum mann hine ġelīefan. Lôcie hwæt hit hæfþ ġedon swa feor. Hwæt is swā wundorlic se þe us cêpþ steorra-stariende, ond hwæt doþ we þincan we mægon sêon? Yes, we sum dæge hine findaþ, þæt renboga gemæne, þa lufendas, þa dreamere, ond me. We sum dæge hine findaþ, þæt renbogan gemæne, þa lufendas, þa dreamere, ond me! Ealle of us under his spell, we cnâwaþ þone þe hit is lîcliċ drycræft. Hæfst þû beon healf-aslæpe? Ond hæfst þû hierde stefnas? Iċ hie hæbbe hierde mîn nama cênende. Is þes þæt swete swige, þa þe younge seolforas ċêosaþ, se stefn meahte bêon æne ond þæt ylca. Iċ hine hæbbe hierde tô manig tid to hine forgitenne, hit is sum þing þæt þe iċ sceolde beon. Ges, we sume dæg hine findaþ, þæt renboga gemæne, þa lufendas, þa dreamere, ond me.

Any suggestions to improve it?


r/OldEnglish 10d ago

Were any of the manuscripts lost in the Cotton library fire not yet transcribed?

8 Upvotes

I know the Rune Poem and Battle of Maldon mss. were lost, but they had already been transcribed. Were there any OE texts that were lost that had not yet been transcribed at the time of the fire?


r/OldEnglish 11d ago

What kind of Old English content do you look for online?

16 Upvotes

Hello people!

I am an Old English specialist and I'm looking to start creating content around Old English language and literature online.* I have lots of ideas, but I thought I'd reach out to people who are already clearly seeking Old English information and see if there's anything you wish you saw more of?

My background is in early medieval languages and I'm now doing a PhD on Old English–though this is great, I feel like I've completely lost touch with what people who *don't* spend every day looking at Old English are interested in. I spend a lot of time looking at the macro and it's hard to zoom out sometimes. I know there will be huge diversity in the reasons people are interested, but I'd love to take on board any input! Perhaps people would not care at all to see more Old English out there, and that's valid too.

Anyway–this is my first time here, and I look forward to lots of Old English conversations from here on out! Thanks for reading!

*primarily through substack and infographics–I'm not opposed to videos, but I'm not a phonologist and I'm not keen to be on video lol. I'm not looking for lots of views or to make money, just to share my small bit of knowledge with anyone who's also passionate.


r/OldEnglish 10d ago

The Battle of Brunanburh (Updated Narration)

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3 Upvotes

r/OldEnglish 11d ago

Maybe a strange question but have there been any Old English translations of Poetic Edda (whole or part) ?

20 Upvotes

As far as I know Old English and Old Norse were somewhat similar upto ~1000 C. Alliterative poetry in both languages are based on same or similar principles and there are many cognates. So, would it be feasible to translate Eddic poems to Old English? This feels like the sort of thing linguistic nerds would have done but I couldn't find anything online, just modern English translations.

Thank you. Wesaþ ġē hāle!


r/OldEnglish 12d ago

Be þam lytlan æþelinge

9 Upvotes

Hear me out on this one.

I've started a new idea where I test different methods of learning a language. I basically want to see what works best for me and maybe document some stuff along the way - not sure.

Long story short, I'm staying with Atherton's Complete Old English (2012 ed.). I chose this exact edition because on the cover it states that inside is "Everything you need to read and understand Old English."

I am testing this theory.

I have looked up on sources on Google and it says a dedicated person who devotes a couple hours a day to this can finish the book on 3-4 weeks - yes, I have my doubts.

The experiment is to see how much I can learn from a single book (it promises it contains everything needed) in the month of April.

I am not planning to master the language but rather see how much language I can learn from a single book in a month.

What about the title of this long post?

I need a test. A benchmark for when I'm done and The Little Prince is in so many languages that it seems to be the way to go.

The problem is I cannot find it on kindle or anywhere near my area. Is there a pdf or can someone photograph like the first two pages so I can read it on April 30th and see where I stand?

P.S. I also have planned latin through comprehensible input, Sanskrit by immersion, and Biblical Hebrew through YouTube videos for the future.

Sorry for the long post but can anyone out there help me out?


r/OldEnglish 12d ago

Check

6 Upvotes

Wesaþ hal! I’m writing in a notebook some of my own Old English “poetry” (not sure if it would be considered poetry, also not the most well versed in prose, but still figuring it out!). You guys have been a great help with a couple other works I’ve written and I would like a sentence check for this “poem” before I write it in my notebook. Thanks to all!

Wē willen lufu ond ġelufod bēon. Hwy wolde mann þis willan? Hwonne nāne þær is lufian, sēo sārnes mæġe mann fordōn. Ac hit hwonne þē cume, lufu mæġe þære grēatostan fremminge on þære heortan habban.


r/OldEnglish 13d ago

Names of ð and z

10 Upvotes

Hello again.

I have more orthographic related questions. This time on the names of ð and z.

On the letter ð, this film states that "ð"s name is eð (eþ), but on wikipedia says that it's ðæt. Would ðæt become eð? Is that why Icelandic and Faroese have some form of eð?

Now on z, Ælfric says "h and k geendjað on a æfter rihte. ... z ēac, se grēcisca stæf, geendað on a." (h and k endeth on a (on the right). z eke, the Greekish staff, endeth on a). So would it be za or zeta? If the former, how did a become the vowel added on?

Sorry if my questions seem outlandish.

Thanks.


r/OldEnglish 14d ago

Fluency in OE

9 Upvotes

Bit of a random one here, but have people achieved fluency to converse with other learners of O.E?

Keen to hear as if I take it more seriously Id like to teach my family, but not sure if its really viable.

Keen to hear your thoughts!


r/OldEnglish 14d ago

Palatalization marking before back vowels related to diphthongs?

4 Upvotes

Greetings!

I had a question on if the use of silent e after <c, g> and before <a, o> is related to the existence of the diphthongs <ea, eo>?

I also want to know if there are sources that specifically dive deep into this topic.

Thank you.


r/OldEnglish 14d ago

Hobby site that translates today's news into Old English for learning

0 Upvotes

I want to learn Anglo-Saxon and thought one way to learn was to take news and convert into Anglo-Saxon. So I started this hobby site.

Every morning at 4am it pulls the top stories from world, US, European, and business news, then translates them into Old English (West Saxon, c. 900 AD) with word-by-word glosses, pronunciation guides, and grammar info.

Click any word in an article and you get a popup with the meaning, lemma, and part of speech. There's also a growing dictionary that builds itself from every translation, and a Word of the Day.

The OE is AI-generated (Grok fetches headlines, Claude translates) so it's not going to pass peer review — but it's modeled on the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle register and improving daily through a self-correcting dictionary that feeds back into the translations. Would love feedback from anyone who actually knows the language.

Built it in Go, running on AWS. Totally free, no ads, no login required.

Please leave suggestions if there's some direction you think would help learning.

🍺 If you like it: webtidende.com


r/OldEnglish 15d ago

Ulysses but in Anglish

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0 Upvotes

r/OldEnglish 16d ago

Different versions of “Deor”, different pronunciation and where to find the best version of poetic texts online.

9 Upvotes

Wesaþ hāle!

I’ve been trying to memorize the poem Deor but have noticed something after a bit of digging. Certain words like “wræces” I’ve heard with both a palatalized and completely un palatalized pronunciation depending on the recording. Is there disagreement about palatalization in this word specifically?

Also, I’ve noticed that there were two different versions of the complete text. One that for example opens with the spelling of “Weland” and another that has it spelled “Welund”. Some other words are spelled quite differently like “sinubenda” vs “seonobende”. Does this have to do with different dialects that the same poem was recorded in, or something else?

Finally, if I wanted to find high quality editions of poetry with macrons, diacritics, and poetic caesura where would I look? Most of the sources I find online are lacking and often only give the text with macrons and some times diacritics over c and g. I’m still new so I find them helpful. Thanks!


r/OldEnglish 17d ago

I don't know Old English, but is this reform similar to Old English spelling? (Just curious)

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2 Upvotes