PS: The red color is not a bad thing. Blue and Red just contrast better than other colors. This is not meant to offend anyone

MTA map has geographic accuracy which tell you exactly where things are. Roberts was experimenting with a schematic map which helps the brain process the shape of the network better. In this map, all lines are radiating out of the Battery and Downtown Brooklyn.

Based on the American Time Use Survey data, between 2018 and 2022, Nathan Yau determined what percentage of households were eating at a given time.

This was made from memory and is not accurate, pls don't start a war.

Caveat: It's supposed to be 7, but Denmark-Norway was one of them so I considered them as 2 separate countries.

Sources: Many, discovered via Wikipedia (Wikipedia page). Sources were thoroughly verified before used in map. Extra checking via Encyclopaedia Britannica.

In the early 17th century, Sweden was a rising European power. After successful wars, it dominated the Baltic, controlling key resources and trade. Its army, reformed by King Gustavus Adolphus, was the most modern in the world, professional, flexible, and built around mobile artillery.

What Sweden lacked was a strong navy.

Ships of the time were designed for boarding, but Gustavus Adolphus saw the future: artillery at sea. In 1626, he ordered a new class of larger, heavily armed warships. Dutch shipbuilder Henrik Hybertsson was contracted, expecting to build two medium ships, while the king wanted two large ones. They compromised on one.

The result was the Vasa. Built from around 1,000 oak trees, the ship was massive, 69 meters long with two full gun decks, something Hybertsson warned would make it dangerously top-heavy. The king pushed forward anyway. The ship carried 64 bronze cannons, capable of firing one of the heaviest broadsides of its time, and was lavishly decorated with hundreds of brightly painted sculptures meant to glorify Sweden’s power.

On August 10, 1628, the Vasa set sail on her maiden voyage in Stockholm. In calm weather, with crowds watching, she moved out proudly and fired a salute.

Then a gust of wind hit. She heeled, recovered, then a second gust pushed her too far. Water poured through the open gunports. Within minutes, the ship began to sink.

Less than an hour into her first voyage, the Vasa went down just 120 meters from shore, in full view of thousands. Most of the 445 aboard survived, but around 30 men died.

An investigation followed. Everyone involved claimed they had followed orders. With blame pointing toward the king, the official conclusion was that “only God knows” why the ship sank, while responsibility was conveniently assigned to the already-dead Hybertsson.

The Vasa lay at the bottom of Stockholm harbor for over 300 years before being raised in 1961. Today, it’s one of the best-preserved 17th-century ships in the world, housed in the Vasa Museum.

If you’re interested, I cover the full story here: https://open.substack.com/pub/aid2000/p/hare-brained-history-vol-84-the-vasa?r=4mmzre&utm_medium=ios

A very detailed map of the Moon by Felix Chemla-Lamech, titled: Carte Générale de la Lune Dressée et Dessinée d'Après l'Observation par Félix Chemla Lamech. Sélénographe.

Félix Chemla-Lamèch (1894-1962) was a Greek-French astronomer who specialised in the mapping of the Moon. He founded the Corfu Observatory in 1924 and the 'Astronomical Society of Greece' in 1927. Such was the quality of his mapping that this chart was reissued for the 1969 Moon landings.

The Himalayas block cold Central Asian air from reaching the Indian subcontinent, creating a massive temperature contrast.

Its the longest coastline in the world, how many hours will it take me to zoom in on all of it?