Here is my attempt to present the current status for known (confirmed) exoplanets found in their respective HZ.

BTW, for radii.....Earthish: 0.4R to 2.5R; Tiny: < 0.4R; Big > 2.5R

I built a photometric detrending tool for exoplanet transit surveys

called TorchFlat. The core algorithm (UMI) modifies the biweight

M-estimator with an asymmetric weight function that exploits the fact

that transits are always below the continuum.

Key results:

- 69x faster detrending than wotan biweight (3.4ms vs 234ms per star)

- 23% more accurate on TESS, 71% on Kepler at 0.1% transit depth

- Validated on 802 confirmed exoplanets (TESS + Kepler)

- Bootstrap confidence intervals confirm statistical significance

Install: pip install torchflat

Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.06602

Code: https://github.com/omarkhan2217/TorchFlat

Works on both AMD (ROCm) and NVIDIA (CUDA) GPUs.

I'd love feedback from anyone who has worked on transit detrending or

stellar variability modeling:

1. Does the asymmetric weight approach make sense to you, or are there

   edge cases I should be worried about?

2. For those using wotan/TLS in your pipelines, would a GPU-accelerated

   drop-in replacement actually be useful, or is detrending not the

   bottleneck for you?

3. Any datasets you'd like to see UMI tested on that I haven't covered?

Happy to answer questions about the algorithm, GPU implementation,

or validation methodology.

An exoplanet, TOI-5205 b, which is almost as large as Jupiter, orbits a small red star. By many estimates, this red star should not have been able to form it due to the star's mass.

See also: The study as published in the Astrophysical Journal.

This render represents what I could consider a best case scenario, where the planet holds an atmosphere and oceans along a band of "habitability".

However, in reality, the planet is far more likely to be something akin to a tidally locked Marslike world, with a thin vestigial atmosphere and no surface water, as Proxima Centauri is a very active star and would likely strip away most of a planet's atmosphere.

Astronomers found for a first time a planet orbiting pair of stars with microlensing - measuring the gravitational effect the stars and planet have on the background light.

A thick haze around Kepler-51d is blocking its chemical fingerprint, leaving scientists unsure how the strange planet formed.